In the Arctic, Drones Help Identify Deadly Virus in Whales

Innovative sampling from the sky

Researchers from the International Arctic Marine Institute have deployed unmanned aerial vehicles to collect exhaled breath, or “blow,” from humpback and beluga whales cruising beneath the melting ice. The drones hover just above the surfacing animals, capturing mist‑laden air in sterile containers without disturbing the creatures.

Discovery of a potentially lethal pathogen

Laboratory analysis of the collected samples revealed the presence of a previously unknown Orthomyxoviridae virus. Genetic sequencing suggests the virus is closely related to strains known to cause severe respiratory disease in other marine mammals.

Implications for marine health

The detection of this virus raises concerns about epidemic‑level threats to Arctic cetacean populations already stressed by climate change, reduced sea ice, and increased ship traffic. If the pathogen spreads, it could impair feeding, reproduction, and migration patterns, potentially accelerating declines in already vulnerable species.

Next steps and preventive measures

Scientists plan to expand the drone‑based monitoring program across the circumpolar region, integrating in‑situ health assessments with satellite tracking data. Collaboration with Indigenous communities will also help identify local observations of unusual whale behavior, providing an early‑warning network for disease outbreaks.

Why drones matter

Traditional sampling methods require close boat approaches, which can stress the animals and are often impossible under icy conditions. Drones offer a non‑invasive, rapid, and cost‑effective alternative, enabling continuous surveillance of marine health in some of the planet’s most remote ecosystems.