For the first time in the history of the conference, the United States did not send a delegation. Diplomats said the absence created a vacuum that oil‑producing countries quickly moved to fill, using the opportunity to advance their own agenda.
Despite the political deadlock, the final communiqué was punctuated by grave warnings from climate scientists and activists. They emphasized that the planet is already feeling the impacts of warming and that the window for limiting temperature rise to 1.5°C is rapidly closing.
While the summit produced a series of rhetorical statements, the concrete measures promised were minimal. Most pledges centered on incremental improvements to existing policies rather than the bold, systemic changes experts say are necessary.
Countries with large fossil‑fuel economies used the U.S. void to champion language that protected their interests. They called for “fair and balanced” transition mechanisms, arguing that rapid decarbonisation could jeopardize their economic stability.
Critics warn that without strong leadership from major emitters, especially the United States, the global effort to curb climate change will fall short. They urge the next round of negotiations to focus on binding targets, transparent reporting, and financial support for vulnerable nations.